Dukurikije imibare iheruka ya gasutamo, imiterere y’ubucuruzi bw’Ubushinwa kuri dichloromethane (DCM) na trichloromethane (TCM) muri Gashyantare 2025 n’amezi abiri ya mbere y’umwaka byagaragaje impinduka zitandukanye, bigaragaza impinduka mu bucuruzi bw’isi n’ubushobozi bw’umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu.
Dichloromethane: Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bitera iterambere
Muri Gashyantare 2025, Ubushinwa bwatumije toni 9.3 za dichloromethane, bigaragaza ko hiyongereyeho 194.2% ugereranyije n'umwaka ushize. Ariko, ibicuruzwa byinjijwe muri Mutarama-Gashyantare 2025 byagabanutseho toni 24.0, bingana na 64.3% ugereranije n'igihe nk'icyo muri 2024.
Ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mu mahanga byagaragaje ikindi kintu. Muri Gashyantare toni 16,793.1 za DCM zoherejwe mu mahanga, 74.9% byiyongereyeho umwaka ushize, mu gihe ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu mezi abiri ya mbere byageze kuri toni 31,716.3, byiyongereyeho 34.0%. Koreya y'Epfo yabaye iya mbere muri Gashyantare, yinjije toni 3,131.9 (18.6% by'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byose), ikurikirwa na Turukiya (toni 1,675.9, 10.0%) na Indoneziya (toni 1,658.3, 9.9%). Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Gashyantare, Koreya y'Epfo yakomeje kuyobora toni 3,191.9 (10.1%), mu gihe Nijeriya (toni 2,672.7, 8.4%) na Indoneziya (toni 2,642.3, 8.3%) byazamutse.
Izamuka rikomeye ry’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bya DCM rigaragaza ko Ubushinwa bufite ubushobozi bwo kongera umusaruro ndetse n’ibiciro bihangana ku isoko mpuzamahanga, cyane cyane ku bintu biva mu nganda no mu miti. Abasesenguzi bavuga ko iri zamuka riterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’ibikenewe bivuye mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere ndetse n’impinduka mu ruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa mu masoko y’ingenzi yo muri Aziya.
Trichloromethane: Kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga byagabanutse bigaragaza imbogamizi ku isoko
Ubucuruzi bwa Trichloromethane bwatanze ishusho idakomeye. Muri Gashyantare 2025, Ubushinwa bwatumije toni nkeya za TCM, mu gihe ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byagabanutseho 62.3% ugereranyije n'umwaka ushize bigera kuri toni 40.0. Ingano y'ibicuruzwa byinjijwe muri Mutarama-Gashyantare yagaragaje iyi ngeso, igabanukaho 100.0% igera kuri toni 0.004, aho ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byagabanutseho 33.8% bigera kuri toni 340.9.
Koreya y'Epfo niyo yiganje mu byoherezwa mu mahanga bya TCM, yinjiza 100.0% by'ibyoherezwa mu kwezi kwa Gashyantare (toni 40.0) na 81.0% (toni 276.1) mu mezi abiri ya mbere. Muri Argentine na Brezili, buri kimwe cyagize 7.0% (toni 24.0) by'ibyoherezwaga muri Mutarama-Gashyantare.
Igabanuka ry’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bya TCM rigaragaza ko icyifuzo cy’isi cyagabanutse, bishobora kuba bifitanye isano n’amategeko agenga ibidukikije akuraho ikoreshwa ryayo mu bikoresho bikonjesha no kugenzura cyane ikoreshwa rya chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). Abakurikirana inganda bavuga ko kwibanda ku buryo bw’Ubushinwa bwo kurengera ibidukikije bishobora kurushaho kubangamira umusaruro n’ubucuruzi bwa TCM mu gihe giciriritse.
Ingaruka ku Isoko
Uburyo butandukanye bwa DCM na TCM bugaragaza imiterere yagutse mu rwego rw'ibinyabutabire. Nubwo DCM yungukira ku buryo ikora neza mu nganda no mu bintu bishongesha, TCM ihura n'ibibazo bikomeye bitewe n'ibibazo byo kudahungabana kw'ibidukikije. Uruhare rw'Ubushinwa nk'umucuruzi ukomeye wohereza DCM mu mahanga rushobora kwiyongera, ariko ikoreshwa rya TCM rishobora gukomeza kugabanuka keretse habayeho ikoreshwa rishya ry'inganda.
Abaguzi bo ku isi, cyane cyane muri Aziya na Afurika, biteganijwe ko bazashingira cyane ku bikoresho bya DCM byo mu Bushinwa, mu gihe amasoko ya TCM ashobora guhinduka akagana ku bakora imiti yihariye cyangwa uturere dufite politiki idakomeye yo kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Isoko y'amakuru: Gasutamo y'Ubushinwa, Gashyantare 2025
Igihe cyo kohereza: 17 Mata 2025