Chloroform yo mu rwego rw'inganda ifite ubuziranenge bwinshi
Imitungo
Amavuta adafite ibara kandi abonerana. Afite imbaraga zo kugarura ubushyuhe. Afite impumuro yihariye. Aryoshye cyane. Ntiyashya byoroshye. Iyo ashyizwe ku zuba cyangwa ashyizwe mu kirere, agenda ashwanyagurika maze agatanga fosgene (carbyl chloride). Kubwibyo, 1% ya ethanol ikunze gushyirwaho nk'ikintu gikomeza ubushyuhe. Ishobora kuvangwa na ethanol, ether, benzene, ether ya peteroli, tetrachloride ya karuboni, disulfide ya karuboni n'amavuta. ImL ishongeshwa mu mazi agera kuri 200ml (25℃). Muri rusange ntabwo ishya, ariko iyo umuntu ashyizwe mu muriro ufunguye igihe kirekire n'ubushyuhe bwinshi birashobora gushya. Mu mazi menshi, urumuri, ubushyuhe bwinshi bizabora, hakavuka fosgene na hydrogène chloride ihumanya cyane kandi irangiza. Ishingiro zikomeye nka lye na potassium hydroxide zishobora gusenya chloroform mo chlorate na formates. Mu gukora kwa alkali ikomeye n'amazi, ishobora gukora ibintu biturika. Ubushyuhe bwinshi bugera ku mazi, kwangiza, kwangiza icyuma n'ibindi byuma, kwangiza pulasitiki na rubber.
Inzira
Trichloromethane yo mu nganda yogejwe n'amazi kugira ngo ikuremo ethanol, aldehyde na hydrogen chloride, hanyuma yogezwa n'umuti wa aside sulfurike hamwe na sodium hydroxide. Amazi yapimwe kugira ngo abe alkaline hanyuma yogezwa kabiri. Nyuma yo kumisha hakoreshejwe calcium chloride idakora amazi, hakorwa distillation, kugira ngo haboneke trichloromethane nziza.
Ububiko
Chloroform ni organic chemical ikunze gukoreshwa nk'uburyo bwo gushonga no gukora ibiza. Irahinduka cyane, irashya kandi iraturika. Kubwibyo, menya ibi bikurikira mugihe uyibika:
1. Ahabikwa: Chloroform igomba kubikwa ahantu hakonje, humutse kandi hafite umwuka mwiza, kure y'izuba ryinshi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ahabikwa hagomba kuba kure y'inkongi y'umuriro, ubushyuhe n'ibintu birwanya ogisijeni, bidashobora guturika.
2. Gupfunyika: Chloroform igomba kubikwa mu gikoresho gifunguye kandi gifite ubuziranenge buhamye, nk'amacupa y'ibirahure, amacupa ya pulasitiki cyangwa ingoma z'icyuma. Ubuziranenge n'ubukomere bw'ibikoresho bigomba kugenzurwa buri gihe. Ibikoresho bya Chloroform bigomba gutandukanywa n'aside nitrike na alkaline kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka mbi.
3. Irinde urujijo: chloroform ntigomba kuvangwa n'ibintu birwanya ogisijeni, aside ikomeye, ishingiro rikomeye n'ibindi bintu kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka mbi. Mu gihe cyo kubika, gupakira, gupakurura no gukoresha, hagomba kwitabwaho kugira ngo hirindwe kugongana, gukururana no kunyeganyega, kugira ngo hirindwe kumena amazi n'impanuka.
4. Kurinda amashanyarazi adahindagurika: Mu gihe cyo kubika, gupakira, gupakurura no gukoresha chloroform, wirinde amashanyarazi adahindagurika. Ingamba zikwiye zigomba gufatwa, nko gusiga hasi, gusiga irangi, ibikoresho birwanya imihindagurikire, nibindi.
5. Kumenya icyapa: Agakoresho ka chloroform kagomba gushyirwaho ibimenyetso bisobanutse neza n'ibiranga, bigaragaza itariki yo kubika, izina, ingano, ingano n'andi makuru, kugira ngo byorohereze imicungire n'imenyekana.
Imikoreshereze
Kumenya kobalt, manganese, iridium, iyode, igikoresho gikura fosifore. Kumenya fosifore idafite umwimerere, ikirahure cy’umwimerere, ibinure, resin ya rubber, alkaloid, wax, fosifore, iyode solvent muri serum.
